Question

i) $Conc.HN{O_3}$ can be transported in aluminium container
ii) A mixture of dilute $NaOH$ and aluminium pieces is used to open drain.
iii) Graphite is used as lubricant
iv) Diamond is used as an abrasive
v) Aluminium alloys are used to make aircraft body
vi)Aluminium utensils should not be kept in water overnight
Vii) Aluminium wire is used to make transmission cables

Answer 1

Hint: We also remember that in chemistry, periodic tables play a vital role. In the periodic table totally \[118\] elements. In the periodic table totally \[18\] columns and \[7\] rows. The columns are called as groups. Hence, \[18\] groups in the periodic table. The rows are called periods. Hence, the total \[7\] period in the table. Carbon and Aluminium are one of the elements in the periodic table. The atomic number of carbon is\[6\]. The atomic number of aluminium is \[13\]. The atomic symbol of carbon is \[{\text{C}}\]. The atomic symbol of Aluminium is \[{\text{Al}}\].

Complete answer:
i) $conc.HN{O_3}$ can be transported in aluminium container
Reason for $conc.HN{O_3}$ can be transported in an aluminium container.
We have to know that aluminium reacts with nitric acid to form aluminium oxide. Because nitric acid is one of the strong oxidising agents in chemistry. This aluminium oxide forms the thin layer of inside coating in the container. That is the reason containers inside became a passive nature.
ii) A mixture of dilute$NaOH$ and aluminium pieces is used to open drain.
Reason for a mixture of dilute $NaOH$ and aluminium pieces is used to open drain.
Hydrogen gas will evolve when the aluminium us reacts with sodium hydroxide, this high pressure of hydrogen gas is used to open the blocked drains.
The chemical reaction of the above discussion is
\[{\text{2Al + 2NaOH + 6}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}} \to {\text{2Na + [Al(OH}}{{\text{)}}_{\text{4}}}{{\text{]}}^{\text{ - }}}{\text{ + 3}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}\]
iii) Graphite is used as lubricant
Reason for graphite is used as lubricant.
Graphite is used as lubricant because it is soft and slippery. Graphite has a layered structure, it is made up of different layers. Each layer is bonded by weak Van der Waals forces and these layers slide over each other.
iv) Diamond is used as an abrasive
Reason for diamond is used as an abrasive.
Diamond is one of the hardest substances in the world and it is used to cut the hardest material. The hybridisation of diamond is \[{\text{s}}{{\text{p}}^{\text{3}}}\] and it is made up of fully carbon atoms. These form a covalent bond of one carbon atom with four other carbon atoms in diamond. This is tetrahedral in nature. Diamonds are rigid and one of a 3D allotrope of carbon atoms. Diamond is very difficult to break because of this close structure.
v) Aluminium alloys are used to make aircraft body
Reason for Aluminium alloys is that they are used to make aircraft bodies.
Malleable, ductile, have high tensile strength and are light weight are important properties of aluminium metal. That is the reason aluminium alloys are used to make aircraft bodies.
vi) Aluminium utensils should not be kept in water overnight
Reason for aluminium utensils should not be kept in water overnight.
Aluminium ions are harmful for our body. When we keep aluminium in water. It reacts with water in presence of oxygen to form a thin layer of aluminium oxide. This aluminium oxide dissolves in water and releases free ions of aluminium in utensils. That the reason aluminium utensils should not be kept in water overnight.
Vii) Aluminium wire is used to make transmission cables
Reason for Aluminium wire is used to make transmission cables.
One of the important properties of aluminium metal is ductility. Because of the ductile nature of aluminium, aluminium wire is used to make transmission cables.

Note:
We also remember that the atomic number of the atom is equal to the number of protons or the number of electrons. In every atom the number of protons and the number of electrons are equal. The allotrope means the molecules are entirely made up of one type of atom. The mass number of the atom depends on the number of protons and the number of neutrons. The mass number of the atom is equal to the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons. The carbon is present in the second period in the periodic table. Aluminium is present in the third period in the periodic table.