Question

How does chirality effect $NMR$ ?

Answer 1

Hint: Molecules can be chiral or achiral. When we talk about a chiral molecule, it means that if there exists another molecule with the same composition then it is to be arranged in a non-superimposable mirror image. The presence of an asymmetric carbon atom is possible the reason for chirality being present in molecules. Enantiomers are two mirror images of a chiral molecule. These are also called optical isomers.

Complete step-by-step answer:The property of molecular chirality is of importance as it has its application to stereochemistry when we talk about inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry and supramolecular chemistry. Pairs of enantiomers are often designated as "right-" and "left-handed".
Chiral objects cannot be superimposed. Achiral molecules can be superimposed. Enantiomeric molecules do not differ in their physical properties until they are placed in a chiral environment. When we talk about optical spectroscopy, it has been seen that the linearly polarized light is used to determine the rotation angle to find the purity of optically active compounds.
When we talk about the $NMR$ spectrum, we can see that a left-handed stereoisomer would give the same as the right-handed stereoisomer. But this happens due to a reason which is that enantiotropic nuclei on the same molecule give the same $NMR$ signal in normal experiments. It is known that a chiral $NMR$ solvent is used which do exist, the enantiotropic nuclei must give ride to different absorptions

Note:Protons which are attached to chiral centers are found to give rise to separate signals only if molecules are placed in a non-chiral environment. Enantiotopic protons can only be distinguished in the presence of a chiral environment. It is to be noted that enantiotropic nuclei are those nuclei that can be interchanged ONLY by an improper axis of rotation (i.e., a mirror plane).