Question

How do Homologous and Vestigial structures prove Evolution?

Answer 1

Hint: Much as Darwin did several years before to read about nature, today's scientists study living organisms. To grasp how they evolved, they compare current organisms' anatomy, embryos, and DNA.

Complete answer:
The study of the similarities and variations in the systems of different animals is comparative anatomy. Homologies or analogies can be like body pieces. All have proof of evolution.

Homologous structures of related organisms are structures that are similar since a common ancestor has inherited them. The same role may or may not have these processes in the offspring. The paws of many different mammals. They all have the same basic sequence of bones. They inherited this habit from a shared ancestor. However, their forelimbs now have various functions.

Vestigial structures are known to be structures like the bone of the human tail and the pelvis of whales. By evolution, their size has been limited such that the structures are no longer used. The human appendix is yet another instance of a vestigial structure. It is a tiny fragment of an organ that had once been larger. For a distant ancestor to ingest food, it was important.

Note: In unrelated animals, analogous systems are structures that are identical. The systems are identical because they evolved to do the same work, not because a shared ancestor inherited them. On the outside, for instance, the wings of bats and birds appear identical. Also, they have the same feature. In the two classes of species, however, wings developed independently. When you compare the arrangement of bones within the wings, this is obvious.