Question

Hilum of seed is
A. Scar of micropyle
B. Scar of funiculus
C. Area through which pollen tube enters the ovule
D. Glandular and attractant region of ovule

Answer 1

Hint: The seed in an exceedingly plant is that the part that develops from the ovules after fertilization. They're enclosed within the fruit which develops from the fertilized ovary. The seeds are formed as a result of amphimixis and contain the young embryo which may become a new plant.

Complete answer:
Seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering. The formation of the seed is part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiosperm plants.
Structure of a seed: Seeds of various plants may vary in many ways, but the essential anatomy remains the same. A typical seed consists of the subsequent parts:
• Tesla: it's the outer coat of the seed that protects the embryonic plant.
• Micropyle: it's a little pore within the testa that lies on the other of the tip of the radicle. It permits water to enter the embryo before active germination.
• Hilum: may be a scar left by the stalk which attached the ovule to the ovary wall before it became a seed.
• Cotyledon: In some plants, this contains high quantities of starch and can provide a source of food for the developing embryo before germination, in other plants this role is performed by an endosperm. In monocotyledons, there's only 1 cotyledon whereas in dicotyledons there are two. reckoning on the sort of germination (epigeous or hypogeous) the cotyledons may remain below ground or be pulled above ground.
• Radicle: this is often the embryonic root which is able to grow to be the first root of the plant. It's usually the primary part of the embryo to push its answer of the seed during germination.
• Plumule: this is often the embryonic shoot. It appears as a bud which can produce the shoots and also the remaining structures within the plant.
• Endosperm: In many plants, a separate part for storage of starch develops and this can be called the endosperm. It's seen in maize and wheat.
Hilum in detail: The hilum of a liberated seed is a small scar marking its former place of attachment. The short ridge (raphe) that sometimes leads far from the hilum is created by the fusion of seed stalk and testa. In many seeds, the micropyle of the ovule also persists as a tiny low opening within the episperm. The embryo, variously located within the seed, is also very small or may fill the seed almost completely. It consists of a root part, or radicle, a prospective shoot (plumule or epicotyl), one or more cotyledons, and a hypocotyl, which is a region that connects radicle and plumule. A classification of seeds is supported by size and position of the embryo and on the proportion of embryo to storage tissue; the possession of either one or two cotyledons is taken into account crucial in recognizing two main groups of flowering plants, the monocotyledons and therefore the eudicotyledons.

Therefore, the correct option is b, scar of funiculus.

Note: Functions of seeds:
i. They assist in germination of the new plant.
ii. The seeds contain food reservoirs within the sort of cotyledons and endosperm.
iii. The reproductive structure is protective in nature which protects the embryo inside.
Uses:
> Cotton fiber grows attached to cotton plant seeds. Other seed fibers are from kapok and milkweed.
> Many important nonfood oils are extracted from seeds. Linseed oil is used in paints. Oil from jojoba and crambe is similar to whale oil.
> Seeds are the source of some medicines including castor oil, tea tree oil and the quack cancer drug Laetrile.
>Many seeds have been used as beads in necklaces and rosaries.