Question

What happens in an acid-base reaction?

Answer 1

Hint: The neutralization reaction takes place between an acid and a base. In this type of reaction, transfer of proton takes place. Acid are those substances which gives hydrogen ion \[({{H}^{+}})\] in the solution while bases are those which give hydroxide ion \[(O{{H}^{-}})\] in the solution.

Complete answer:
 The reaction where an acid and a base are used as reactants are called an acid-base reaction. These types of reactions are called neutralization reactions. The products of this chemical reaction are salt and water. This is illustrated by the following diagram-
\[HCl+NaOH\to NaCl+{{H}_{2}}O\]
In the above diagram, \[HCl\] acts as an acid and \[NaOH\]acts as a base. The products formed during this reaction are \[NaCl\] which is salt (common salt) and water. Herein, hydrogen ion \[({{H}^{+}})\] is transferred from \[HCl\]to \[NaOH\].
Therefore, a neutralization reaction happens in an acid-base reaction which leads to the formation of salt and water as products.

Additional information:
Acids and bases are further divided into two sub categories i.e strong and weak. Strong acids are those which dissociate completely in water to give hydrogen ion \[({{H}^{+}})\] while weak acids are those which dissociate partially in water. On the similar lines, strong bases are those which dissociate completely in water and give hydroxide ion \[(O{{H}^{-}})\] while weak are those which dissociate partially in water. There are many scientists such as Arrhenius, Bronsted and Lowry who gave the concept of acid and bases.

Note:
 It is important to note that the neutralization reaction takes place in an acid-base reaction. The products of acid-base reactions are salt and water. In this type of reaction, the transfer of protons takes place.