Question

What happened during the Swadeshi movement? Why did the people switch over to wear European dresses again?

Answer 1

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Complete answer:
The Swadeshi Movement started as a protest against the partition of Bengal but quickly grew into a nationwide movement.

We shall state some of the happenings during this movement below:
- The Swadeshi movement was closely tied to textile politics. At this time, people were encouraged to boycott or refuse British imports of all sorts and to create their own factories to produce items such as clothes, matchboxes and other goods.
- The wearing of clothes made out of a material called Khadi was made a patriotic obligation.
- Women were encouraged to abandon their silk and glass bangles in favour of plain shell bangles.
- To popularize homemade goods, it was glamorized in songs and poetry. This encouraged the people to get used to the idea of using homespun materials.

The few reasons for returning to European goods can be listed below:
- The Swadeshi revolution finally died out because only Indians who belonged to the upper-class could afford to purchase comparatively expensive Indian-made goods over cheap British goods. So the other classes gradually declined in keeping up with the Swadeshi movement.
- Later on, it became almost impractical to compete with the inexpensive British fabrics that were made by British mills which had flooded the textile industry. So 15 years after the introduction of the Swadeshi movement, even the upper-class Indians started to abandon it and many citizens turned to European dresses.

Note: With the introduction of the Swadeshi Movement, the Indian National Movement as a whole took a significant step forward. For the first time, women, students, and a significant segment of Bengal and other sections of India's urban and rural populations were directly engaged in politics. The movement's