Question

Given table gives an account of the differences between PCR and gene cloning. Which of the following points shows the incorrect difference ?

Parameter	PCR	Gene cloning
1. Efficient	More	Less
2. Apparatus Requirement	DNA	Restriction enzyme, ligase, vector, bacteria cell
3. Manipulation	In vitro	In vitro and In vivo
4. cost	More	Less
5. Automation	Yes	No
6. Error probability	Less	More
7. Time for a typical experiment	2 to 4 days	4 hours

a. 1 and 3
b. 4 and 6
c. 4 and 7
d. 4,7, and 8

Answer 1

Hint: Gene cloning is the selection of particular DNA and keeps into bacteria in vivo to produce the desired genes. Whereas polymerase chain reaction is invitro condition, where amplification of specific required DNA sequence is done.

Complete answer:

Gene cloning	PCR
In this gene amplification, method, rDNA is constructed and it introduced into bacteria to produce clones and it is done invivo	In this amplification method, the sequence of DNA required are produced invitro
It requires restriction enzymes, DNA ligase and vector DNA and bacteria required	Along with the DNA sequence that to be amplified, it requires RNA primers, the most able DNA polymerase and nucleotide bases.
One microgram of the DNA quantity is required at least.	Nanogram of the DNA is enough
For re-isolation of amplified DNA from rDNA, restriction enzyme is required	No re isolation is required.
2 to 4 days required	4 hours is enough.
Labour intensive	No need of any labor intensives
More error possibilities	Less errors
Automation needed	No automation required.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Additional information:
The majority of PCR cycles depend on thermal cycling because, in this process reactants are exposed to thermal cycling and do repeated cycles of both heating and cooling which permit different temperature dependent reactions only, which include DNA melting, and enzyme dependent DNA replication.

Note: In case of gene cloning, amplified DNA is used for limited purposes, because control selection of DNA sequence but in case of polymerase chain reaction, amplified DNA is used for a number of conditions as there are very few error possibilities.