Question

Given Below are assertions and reason.
Point out if both are true and the reason is the correct explanation (A)
Both true but the reason is not a correct explanation (B)
Assertion true but the reason is wrong (C)
Both are wrong (D)

Assertion:
Among the primates, chimpanzees are the closest relative of present day humans.

Reason:
The banding pattern in the autosome numbers 3 and 6 of man and chimpanzee is remarkably similar.

A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D

Answer 1

Hint: Primate is an order in classification of mammals, which includes apes, humans, lemurs, monkeys, lemurs, loris, tarsiers and etc. Primates are the first terrestrial mammals. These order more than 300 species.

Complete answer:
Humans are not evolved from chimpanzees, they evolved from the Apes. But DNA analysis shows that humans and chimpanzees share a common ancestor. Still, chimpanzees and humans share 98.8% of similar DNA. A comparative study of both of them has observed that the banding pattern of human chromosomes 3 and 6 compared shows a common origin for man and chimpanzee. So this New study has proved that in the present date chimpanzees are the closest relatives of humans.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A). Both Assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion. I hope you guys will make sure why option A is the correct and the rest of given options are incorrect.

Additional information:
A comparative study of the genome of close relative species is an effective technique for decoding genomic information because functional sequences tend to evolve at a slower rate than non-functional sequences. By comparing the genomic sequences of species at different evolutionary distances, one can identify coding sequences and conserved non-coding sequences with regulatory functions, and determine which sequences are unique for a given species.

Here we review the basis for selecting DNA sequences of species at appropriate evolutionary distances for comparative analysis depending on the biological question being addressed and describe the algorithms commonly used in these studies.

We also compare a small interval of human chromosome 7q31 with DNA sequences of four species at different evolutionary distances to demonstrate the multistep process of comparative sequence analysis and discuss several of the public resources available for these studies.

Note: As we discussed that chimpanzees are the close relatives of us while humans evolved from the apse, this is proved by the comparative study of the banded chromosomes of human and apse. This has been shown that the total content of DNA in human diploid cells is more or less similar to apes.