Question

Give the structure of sucrose.

Answer 1

Hint: Sucrose is a disaccharide, it is composed of two monosaccharides i.e. glucose, and fructose. It has the molecular formula C${}_{12}$H${}_{22}$O${}_{11}$. It is a naturally occurring carbohydrate.

Complete step by step answer:
First, let us know about the sucrose. Sucrose is a disaccharide molecule categorised in the sugars, or carbohydrates. It is composed of 50% glucose and 50% fructose.
So, we can say that disaccharides are made up of two monosaccharides linked together.
Now, we will talk about glucose. It is a monosaccharide having the chemical formula C${}_6$H${}_{12}$O${}_6$ ,and its structure is given below.

Next we have a fructose molecule. It is also a monosaccharide with the chemical formula C${}_6$H${}_{12}$O${}_6$, and its structure is given below-

Thus, for making a disaccharide, alpha glucose, and beta fructose are linked together by the glycosidic linkage, having the chemical formula C${}_{12}$H${}_{22}$O${}_{11}$ , and we can see it in the below reaction:

-In the structure, we can see that there are anomeric hydroxyl groups in a molecule.

-In the structure, we can see that there are anomeric hydroxyl groups in a molecule.

Additional information:
Sucrose is a non- reducing sugar, as it does not act as a reducing agent.

Note: Don’t get confused between the glucose and fructose, as both molecules have the same chemical formula, but if we look at their structures fructose is a five-membered ring whereas glucose is a six-membered ring. The most important is that in the glucose aldehyde acts a functional group, and in the fructose ketone group acts as a functional group. Thus, fructose is known as ketohexose, and glucose is known as aldohexose.