Question

Give reasons:
Aliphatic amines are stronger bases than ammonia.

Answer 1

Hint: Bases are the chemical substances that can easily have a lone pair of electrons and ready to donate them. Amines are the chemical compounds that consist of a nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electron and alkyl group. Ammonia is also a chemical compound consisting of nitrogen with a lone pair of electrons.

Complete answer:
Chemical compounds are classified into three types based on the nature of compounds. They are acids, bases and neutral compounds.
Bases are the compounds that consist of lone pairs of electrons or consisting of hydroxide ions.
Ammonia is a molecule with the molecular formula of \[N{H_3}\] . It has one lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atoms and can be donated to other compounds and considered as base.
Amines are the compounds that consist of a functional group \[ - N{H_2}\] , the \[ - N{H_2}\] group is attached to the alkyl or phenyl groups. There is a presence of lone pairs of electrons on the nitrogen atom in the amines. The methyl group is an electron pushing or releasing group towards the nitrogen atom. Thus, the electron density will increase on the nitrogen atom leading to the readily donation of electrons. Thus, amines are more basic than ammonia.

Note:
The bases can easily donate the lone pair of electrons. The abstraction of protons from other compounds can also be considered as a base’s property. Due to the presence of a methyl group amines are more basic than ammonia. As in ammonia there is no methyl group.