Question

Give in detail about electron, proton and neutron on the following points;
(a) Chemical symbol
(b) Charge
(c) Name of Discoverer.

Answer 1

Hint:-This is a question of atomic physics. So here we should remember the results of experiments on atoms that show us the fundamental particles of atoms and their properties.

Complete step by step answer:
Here we write the answers for each part of this question separately.
(a) A chemical symbol is a shorthand method of representing an element. Instead of writing out the name of an element, we represent an element name with one or two letters and mention the charge on it. So here we can write the chemical symbol of electron, proton and neutron as-
Electron$ \Rightarrow {e^ - }$
Proton$ \Rightarrow {p^ + }$
Neutron$ \Rightarrow {n^0}$
Electrons have negative charge, Proton has positive charge while the neutron has no charge on itself.
Electrons exist outside the nucleus while protons & neutrons exist inside the nucleus.
(b) Electron has negative charge, Proton has positive charge while the neutron has no charge on itself.
Charge on 1 electron$ \Rightarrow - 1.602 \times {10^{ - 19}}$ Coulombs
Charge on 1 proton$ \Rightarrow 1.602 \times {10^{ - 19}}$ Coulombs
Charge on neutron$ \Rightarrow 0$
The magnitude of charge is the same on electron and proton, the only difference is of sign.
(c) Name of discoverer
Electron is discovered by J.J. Thomson.
Proton is discovered by Ernest Rutherford.
Neutron is discovered by James Chadwick.

Note:- Electron, proton and neutron are fundamental building blocks of an atom. The Structure of an atom is given by Niels Bohr that proves the stability of these particles inside atoms. The charge on an atom is due to transfer of electrons only, the protons & neutrons are the part of the nucleus.