Question

Give a short note on three divisions of the Northern plains in India.
List out the reasons why cities like Lucknow and developed in these plains.

Answer 1

HintA big physical division of India in the northern plains. They are located in the Himalayas to the south. Often referred to as the Indo-Gangetic Plains are these plains. The silt deposited by the Himalayan Rivers and their tributaries forms the Northern Plains.

Complete Solution Step by Step
Regional division of northern plain:
1. Punjab Plains:
1. The Punjab plains from the western part of the northern plain. The Delhi-Aravalli ridge separates it from the Plains of the Ganga in the east.
2. The Indus and its tributaries are formed by this, such as Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej. A large part of these plains is in Pakistan.
3. It is split into several Doabs [do(two)+ ab(water or river) = an area of land that lies between the two rivers and reaches the meeting point].

2. Ganga Plains:
1. The Ganga plains lie between the Yamuna catchment in the west to the Bangladesh border in the East
2. The lower Ganga plain was formed between the Rajmahal hills and the Meghalaya plateau by the down warping of a portion of Peninsular India and subsequent sedimentation by the rivers Ganga and Brahmaputra in the east.

3. Brahmaputra Plains:
1. This plain forms the eastern part of the northern plain and lies in Assam.
2. The plains of Brahmaputra are known for their river islands (due to the region's low gradient) and sand bars.

Reasons why cities developed in these plains
1. This plain will have ample rainfall. Many rivers, streams, and lakes are there. Rich vegetation also exists. Such variables impact the atmosphere and make it tolerable. In winter, the climate of the Northern Plain is very cold and in summer it is very hot.
2. Soft, level, and flat is the land of this plain. Wells, tube-wells, and canals can also be excavated for irrigation. It is the largest producer of food grains in India because of proper irrigation.
3. The alluvial soil carried down by the rivers is composed of this plain. This soil is rich and very light. Major crops are cultivated here, such as wheat, rice, sugarcane, pulses, oilseeds, and jute. This simple is the Indian 'food bowl
4. This region is very critical for India's economic growth. The land is even, the transport and communication is straightforward. This region has a network of railways and highways. Some major industries, such as iron and steel, jute, cement, sugar, and textiles, are distributed equally throughout the country.
5. This is one of the world's most heavily settled plains. Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, the most densely populated states of India, lie on this plain.

Note
Northern Plain:
1. The youngest physiographic characteristic of India in the northern plains. Separated by the Himalayan Frontal Fault, they lie south of the Shivaliks.
2. A wavey, irregular line along the northern edge of Peninsular India is the southern boundary. The plains are bordered by the Purvanchal hills on the east side.