Question

Gene cloning is?
A. Gene is isolated and inserted in same organism
B. Gene is isolated and inserted in different organism
C. Gene is isolated and inserted in plasmid of other organism
D. Gene is isolated and inserted in chromosomal DNA

Answer 1

Hint: The recombinant DNA technology is a process in which a specific fragment of DNA is used for the production of desired product. This technique is very useful in medicinal development in which alteration of DNA is used to carry out many treatments.

Complete Answer:
- To answer this question, we have to first know about gene cloning. Gene cloning means the formation of exact DNA or gene copies using genetic engineering techniques. The DNA is extracted from an organism and the gene is copied and a clone is formed. It is one of the methods used for the isolation and amplification of specific genes. The DNA cloning can take place by cell based DNA cloning and cell-free DNA cloning that is PCR methods.
- So, the fragment of DNA consists of genes to be cloned, a vector is used in which the DNA is inserted to form the recombinant DNA molecules. The vector works as a vehicle that helps in the transfer of genes inside the host cell.
- Inside the host cell the vector multiplies and produces many identical copies, during this process the vector not just multiplies its own DNA but also the gene that it carries. When the cell of the host divides, the recombinant DNA molecules get transferred to the progeny and further vector replication takes place. After a large number of cell division clones of the identical host cell are produced. Every cell of the clone consists of more than one copy of recombinant DNA that uses the gene carried by the recombinant molecules is considered as cloned.
- Therefore, the method of gene cloning involve; the isolation of DNA or the gene of interest to be cloned, then this gene is inserted inside a suitable vector to form recombinant DNA, then the recombinant DNA is introduced inside the suitable host, the gene inside the host get multiplied and expressed, then the gene copies are isolated and purified.

Thus, the correct option is ‘C’. Gene is isolated and inserted in plasmid of other organisms.

Note: The terms gene cloning, DNA cloning, recombinant DNA, and molecular cloning all are the same techniques. The DNA contains the gene of interest that to be cloned and the vector is used for the transfer of recombinant DNA.