Question

Gay Lussac’s law of combining volume with example.

Answer 1

Hint:To solve this we must recall the concept of laws of chemical combination. The matter transfers from one form to another. The transformation is the result of a combination of two different types of matter. Gay Lussac’s law of combining volumes is considered as a different form of law of definite proportions.

 Complete answer:
We know that there are five laws of chemical combination as follows:
Law of conservation of mass.
Law of definite proportions.
Law of multiple proportions.
Gay Lussac’s law of combining volumes.
Avogadro’s law.
We will explain the Gay Lussac’s law of combining volumes:
The Gay Lussac’s law of combining volumes states that the ratio of volumes of reacting gases are small whole numbers at same temperature and pressure.
The ratio of volume of the reacting gases to the volume of product gases can be expressed in simple whole numbers.
Gay Lussac’s law of combining volumes is considered as a different form of law of definite proportions. Gay Lussac’s law of combining volumes is with respect to volume whereas law of definite proportions is with respect to mass.
The example of Gay Lussac’s law of combining volumes is as follows:
Consider the reaction,
${{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}\left( {\text{g}} \right) + {\text{3}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}\left( {\text{g}} \right) \to {\text{2N}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}\left( {\text{g}} \right)$
The reaction of the formation reaction of ammonia. In the reaction, one volume of nitrogen combines with three volumes of hydrogen and produces two volumes of ammonia.
This can be expressed as:
${\text{1 molecule of }}{{\text{N}}_2} + {\text{3 molecules of }}{{\text{H}}_2} = {\text{2 molecules of N}}{{\text{H}}_3}$
This can also be expressed as:
${\text{50 mL of }}{{\text{N}}_2} + {\text{150 mL of }}{{\text{H}}_2} = {\text{ 100 mL of N}}{{\text{H}}_3}$
Thus, the volume of nitrogen and hydrogen which combine bear a simple ratio ${\text{1:3}}$.

Note:The laws of chemical combination describe the basic principles that are obeyed by the atoms or molecules that interact. These interactions can include different combinations. The laws of chemical combination give a mathematical formulation and allow us to predict the reactions.