Question

What is the full form of ADH? How does ADH control osmoregulation in the human kidney?

Answer 1

Hint: ADH helps to control blood pressure. It also helps to manage the amount of water in our body. It is also known as vasopressin.

Complete answer:
ADH stands for Antidiuretic hormone. It is also known as vasopressin. It is a hormone secreted by the hypothalamus in the brain and is stored in the posterior pituitary gland. ADH regulates and balances the amount of water in the blood. Higher water concentration will increase the volume and pressure exerted in the blood.
The ADH controls osmoregulation in the human kidney. An increase in osmolality causes the secretion of ADH. ADH acts in the following ways.
ADH increases the water permeability of proximal and collecting tubules. It allows more reabsorption of water and excretion of concentrated urine. It also increases the calcium concentration in the collecting ducts.
It increases the permeability of the collecting duct to urea and thus helps in reabsorption of water.
It also increases the sodium absorption in the loop of Henle due to which water is reabsorbed in the distal tubules.Thus ADH regulates the water level in the blood along with the salt concentration.

Note:ADH is secreted by the pituitary gland when the osmolality of the blood increases. This results in reabsorption of water and minerals by the kidney. Thus concentration of urine takes place.