Question

From which of the following organelle acrosome of sperm is derived
(a) Nucleus
(b) Golgi bodies
(c) Lysosome
(d) Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 1

Hint: Acrosome is a cap-like structure. It is derived from the part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm. It packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination. It was identified in 1897 by the Italian scientist Camillo Golgi.

Complete answer:
The acrosome of sperm is derived from the Golgi apparatus. The acrosome is a special kind of organelle with a cap-like structure that covers the anterior portion of the head of the spermatozoon. It contains digestive enzymes like hyaluronidase and lysins, which helps in breaking down the outer membrane of the ovum which enables the process of fertilization. These enzymes break down the outer membrane of the ovum, called the zona pellucida, allowing the haploid nucleus in the sperm cell to join with the haploid nucleus in the ovum. The acrosome is an organelle that develops over the anterior half of the head in the sperm cells of many animals including humans. In the case of globozoospermia i.e the sperm with round heads, the Golgi apparatus is not transformed into the acrosome, causing male infertility.

Additional Information:
-Golgi bodies are aggregations of membrane-bound spaces, particularly abundant in secretory cells. They form a specialized part of the endo-membrane system.
-It resides at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways.
-They were first discovered and described by Camilo Golgi. They came to be known variously as the Golgi apparatus, Golgi complex, Golgi complex.

Note:
-The spermatozoan is a very specialized cell type that has mainly one function, i.e. to fertilize an egg.
 -A sperm cell consists of two parts, the head, and the tail. The overall structure of the sperm makes it perfectly designed to carry out its function.
-The most important function of the sperm is to pass on the necessary biological information required to produce a new organism.