Question

Formation of mRNA over DNA template is called as
A. Translation
B. Transcription
C. Reverse transcription
D. Transduction

Answer 1

Hint: DNA Template Strand (also known as the antisense strand), is one of the strands of DNA that is present after being unwound by the enzyme DNA helicase during transcription of a gene. Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded RNA molecule that is complementary to one of the DNA strands of a gene. The mRNA is an RNA version of the gene that leaves the cell nucleus and moves to the cytoplasm where proteins are made.

Complete step by step answer: Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, antiparallel RNA strand called a primary transcript. Transcription is divided into initiation, promoter escape, elongation, and termination.
So, the answer is B, i.e., Transcription
Additional information:
The stretch of DNA transcribed into an RNA molecule is called a transcription unit and encodes
at least one gene. If the gene encodes a protein, the transcription produces messenger RNA (mRNA); the mRNA, in turn, serves as a template for the protein’s synthesis through translation. RNA helps synthesize, regulate, and process proteins; it therefore plays a fundamental role in performing functions within a cell.

Note: Translation is the process in which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum
synthesize proteins after the process transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell’s nucleus. Reverse transcription is a process where a reverse transcriptase enzyme is used to generate complementary DNA from an RNA template. Transduction is the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector.