Question

Following table shows the steps and the aims in the breeding of a new genetic variety of crop with few steps or aims marked as A, B, C and D. Identify correct explanation of A, B, C and D from the given option.

	Step	Aim
I.	A	To evaluate and selection as parents
II.	Pure line creation	Collection of pre-existing genetic variability
III.	B	To combine desired characters of different plants
IV.	Screening the superior	C
V.	Release and Commercialisation	D

A) A-Germplasm   collection,   B-Cross hybridisation, C-To select and test the hybrid for desired character combination for success of breeding objective, D-Obtained hybrid is evaluated in the crop fields and is compared with local crop cultivar.
B) A-Germplasm collection, B-Self pollination, C-To select and test the hybrid for de sired character combination for success of breeding objective, D-Obtained hybrid is evaluated in the crop fields and is compared with foreign crop cultivar.
C) A-Mutation, B-Cross hybridisation, C-To select and test the hybrid for desired character combination for success of breeding objective, D-Obtained hybrid is evaluated in the crop fields and is compared with local crop cultivar.
D) A-Self pollination, B-Germplasm collection, C-Mutation, D-Cross-hybridisation.

Answer 1

Hint Plant breeding is the manipulation that is done purposely of plant species so as to create desired plant types that are better suited for cultivation, that give better yields and are disease resistant.

Complete Step-by-step answer:
To evaluate and selection as parents is germplasm collection. It is the complete collection of plants/seeds having all the different alleles for all genes in a taken crop called germplasm collection. In many crops, early variability is there from wild relatives of the crop.
To collaborate desired characteristics of distinct plants is called cross-hybridization. The required characteristics have mostly collaborated from two different plants (parents), for example, the high protein quality of one parent may have collaborated with disease resistance from another parent. This is feasible by cross hybridizing the two parents to produce hybrids.
Testing the superior to select and test the hybrid for required characteristics combination for the success of breeding aim. It requires cautious scientific evaluation of the progeny. This step gives plants that are superior to both of the parents. These are self-pollinated for many generations till they reach a state of invariable (homozygosity) so that the characters will not separate in the progeny.
Release and Commercialisation help to Obtain hybrid and is evaluated in the crop fields and compared with local crop cultivars. The recently selected lines are judged for their yield and other agronomic traits of quality, and disease resistance. This judgment is done by flourishing these in the research fields and writing down their performance under ideal fertilizer application, irrigation, and other crop management practices.

Hence the correct answer is option A .

Note: Traditional farming can only yield limited biomass, as food for humans and animals. Better management and practices and an increase in acreage can increase yield. The green revolution is responsible for our country to not merely meet the national requirements but also export.