Question

First vascular plant is
A. Thallophyta
B. Pteridophyta
C. Bryophyta
D. Spermatophyta

Answer 1

Hint: Vascular plant is also known as terrestrial or land plants. Those plants which possess vascular tissues like xylem and phloem are known as vascular plants. The vascular plants include all seed bearing plants (gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (ferns and horsetails). Vascular plants are also known as tracheophytes.

Complete answer:
The first vascular plant is Pteridophyta. Pteridophytes are also called first vascular cryptogam or spore bearing vascular plants. They are the first terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues. Xylem transport water and minerals to different parts of the plant body and phloem transports organic food to the plant body. In pteridophytes the main plant body is a sporophyte which is differentiated into true root, stem and leaves. Pteridophytes protect soil from erosion and ferns grow as ornamental plants for their delicate leaves.
Bryophytes are non-vascular terrestrial plants. Bryophytes are commonly found in damp, humid and shaded habitats. They are also known as amphibians of the plant kingdom because these plants can live in soil but depend on water for reproduction.
Thallophyta is a polyphyletic group of non-motile organisms. They are also known as thalloid or lower plants.Thallophyta includes fungi, lichens, and algae and sometimes it includes bryophytes also.
Spermatophyta are also known as seed bearing plants or flowering plants. It includes gymnosperms and angiosperms.

So the correct answer is option B.

Note: Cryptogams (pteridophytes) are the non-flowering plants as they do not produce flowers or seeds and phanerogams (angiosperms and gymnosperms) are the seeded plants as they produce seeds. Azolla is an aquatic fern used as fertilizers.