Question

Who was the first president of Turkey?
A) Kemal Pasho
B) Adolf Hitler
C) Allan Octavian Hume
D) Mussolini

Answer 1

Hint: On October 29, 1923, in the new capital of Ankara, Turkey was declared a republic. The Grand National Assembly became Turkey's main legislative body after transitioning from a provisional council.

Complete answer:
Let us look into the options to find out the answer:
Option A) Kemal Pasha founded a democratic dictatorship in Turkey in 1923, which was distinct from Mussolini and Hitler's despotic regimes. He declared elections every year after becoming the first president. He used his tyranny for his country's advantage and modernization.

Not only was the modern Turkish Republic formed following the Turkish War of Independence, but Mustafa Kemal was also elected as the new Republic's first President on October 29, 1923. Mustafa Kemal Pasho was the President of Turkey from 1924 until his death in 1938, making him the only person to hold the position for such a long time. He was elected to the Presidency for four terms in a row.

Pasho was not only an effective commander-in-chief during the War of Independence, but also a brilliant statesman as a result of the changes he implemented. Throughout most of his 57-year life, Pasho worked relentlessly for the happiness of the nation and the country's freedom, and he triumphed in every war he fought. On November 10, 1938, the father of the Republic of Turkey and an unforgettable and courageous leader died in Istanbul.

Option B) Adolf Hitler was a German politician born in Austria who ruled Germany from 1933 until 1945. As the leader of the Nazi Party, Hitler rose to power, first as Chancellor in 1933 and then as Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934. Thus, the option is incorrect.

Option C) Allan Octavian Hume, CB ICS was a British member of the Imperial Civil Service who worked in British India as a political reformer, ornithologist, and botanist. He was one of the Indian National Congress's founders. Thus, the option is incorrect.

Option D) Benito Andrea Mussolini was an Italian politician and journalist who created the National Fascist Party and served as its leader. Thus, the option is incorrect.

Thus the correct answer is option ‘A’ i.e, ‘ Kemal Pasha’.

Note: As president of the newly established Turkish Republic, Kemal Pasho embarked on a comprehensive programme of political, economic, and cultural reforms with the aim of creating a modern, progressive, and secular nation-state. He made primary education free and compulsory throughout the world, opening thousands of new schools.