Question

Find the number of ligands which are non-classical ligand and π donor as well as π acceptor ligand.
[\[{\text{CO, P}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{, P}}{{\text{F}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{, }}{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}{\text{, }}{{\text{C}}_{\text{5}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}\]]
A) \[2\]
B) \[1\]
C) \[4\]
D) \[5\]

Answer 1

Hint: In chemistry three types of chemical bond. There are ionic bonds, covalent bonds and coordinate bonds. Coordination chemistry is one of the major topics in chemistry. The coordination bond plays an important role in coordination chemistry. The complex is formed in nature, the basis of coordination chemistry. The metal atom present in the complex is called the central metal atom. The atom which donate lone pairs of electrons to the central atom or the coordinate bond with the central atom is known as ligand.

Complete answer:
The given ligands are\[{\text{CO, P}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{, P}}{{\text{F}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{, }}{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}{\text{, }}{{\text{C}}_{\text{5}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}\].
\[{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}{\text{and}}{{\text{C}}_{\text{5}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}\] are non-classical ligand and π donor as well as π acceptor ligand.
There are two ligands (\[{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}{\text{and}}{{\text{C}}_{\text{5}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}\]) out of five ligands \[{\text{CO, P}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{, P}}{{\text{F}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{, }}{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}{\text{, }}{{\text{C}}_{\text{5}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}\] are non-classical ligand and π donor as well as π acceptor ligand.
According to the above discussion, we conclude \[{{\text{C}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}{\text{and}}{{\text{C}}_{\text{5}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}^{\text{ - }}\] are non-classical ligand and π donor as well as π acceptor ligand.

Hence, option A is correct.

Note:
In chemistry, substances are majorly divided into two types. This classification depends on the stability of the substance. Compound and complex are the classification of the substance in chemistry. In coordination chemistry, primary and secondary valency in the complex. The primary valency is ionic bond. The primary valencies are non-directional. The secondary valencies are coordinate bonds. The secondary valence is directional. The structure of the complex depends on the secondary valence. The oxidation state of the central metal atom is equal to the number of primary valency. The coordination number of the central metal atom is equal to the secondary valency.