Question

Explain with a diagram how the land breeze originates.

Answer 1

Hint: Land breeze is the flow of air from land towards the sea. Mostly it occurs during the night time. This phenomenon takes place due to the heating and the cooling difference between the two surfaces of the ecosystem (sea and land).

Complete answer:
During the night time in the absence of the sun, the land area near the sea cools down earlier than the water surface. As the density of warm air is higher than the cool air it rises. To accommodate an equilibrium state there is a circulation of the warm and the cold air.

During this circulation, the cold air breeze coming from the surface of the land is known as a land breeze.
This occurs as the land and the water has different heat capacity.
Heat capacity is the amount of heat that is to be supplied to a matter so that its temperature can be increased by one unit. The SI unit of the heat is given as joule per kelvin. It is considered to be an extensive property.

Note:
The circulation of colder breeze from the water surface towards the land is known as a sea breeze. This occurs during the daytime. It is due to the fact that the lands can get heated up sooner than the sea surface as a result the air near the land is comparatively warmer than that of the sea. So, for the balance in the ecosystem the cold breeze from the sea moves towards the land and is termed as sea breeze.