Question

Explain the basic techniques of Plant tissue culture (diagrams are not necessary).

Answer 1

Hint: The plants need certain components to grow. They do not have the regenerative capacity. But can develop the new plant if we keep the cutting from a certain plant into a specific medium with all the nutrients.

Complete answer:
Plant tissue culture is the technique in which small fragments of plants are taken to grow in a certain medium. The cultured tissue may be cells or tissues.
The basic techniques used are-
The plantlets or cuttings taken are called explants. The Plant tissue culture is done under aseptic conditions. So the sterilization of the explants is done. This explant will be kept on a medium of solid or liquid. This medium will contain all the components required for the growth.
The next will be the formation of callus from these explanations. A callus is an undifferentiated mass of cells. The callus keeps on dividing. It is then transferred to a new medium. The hormones triggering shoot and root formation can be added now.
They are then cultures in the greenhouses. After this, they are transferred to the fields for their full growth.
Gottlieb Haberlandt introduced the concept of plant tissue culture to the world. It is an intense part of plant biotechnology.

Note: Plant tissue culture is known under the name of micropropagation which means development from a small piece. This has an application in agricultural practices when we want to increase the yield of some crop. We can improve the medicinal and aromatic plants to make them more useful to mankind.