Question

Evolution of heart from one to two, three, and four-chambered proves:
(A) Biogenic law of Haeckel
(B) Neo Darwinism
(C) Lamarckism
(D) Hardy Weinberg’s Law

Answer 1

Hint: The Evolutionary changes which occur in the vertebrate heart are tied to change from single to double circuit heart, with increment in the separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

Complete answer: The theory of recapitulation also called the biogenetic law, was put forward by Ernest Haeckel in the 1860s. This came after the study of ‘Theory of Darwin’. It is a historical theory which states that from the process of fertilization the embryogenesis of an animal to ontogeny moves through various stages that are similar to successive adult stages in the phylogeny. It is oftenly called as ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny. It states that the various phases an animal embryo undergoes during development are a sequential replay of that species past ancestral forms. That’s why the Biogenetic law of Haeckel proves the evolution from one to two, three, and four chambered hearts.
-Neo Darwinism is basically used to describe the integration of Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection with Gregor Mendel’s theory of genetics.
-Hardy-Weinsberg’s law is a principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next generation in the absence of disturbing factors.
-Lamarckism is the notion which states that an organism can pass on its offspring the physical characteristics that the parent organism acquired through use or disuse during its lifetime.
Hence, the correct answer is option (A). Biogenic law of Haeckel.

Note: Warm blooded animals like humans have four chambered heart because they invest a lot of energy and require a lot of oxygen. This is possible by the four-chambered heart. It provides an evolutionary advantage like the ability to roam, hunt, and hide even in the cold of night, the chills of winter.