Question

Who established Sadar Diwani Adalat ( civil ) at Calcutta?

Answer 1

Hint:
Sadar Civil Court was the Supreme Court of Revenue in British India established in Calcutta in 1772. In 1780 was improved by the British Parliament. The court judge was a member of the Governor-General and Council of East India Company which was assisted by the original judges and revenue officials.

Complete solution:
 In the form of a governor of war, the administration of justice took the Governor of Bengal in a bad size. It was almost a verification of the total fall. The dual system of the government proved to be very defective and unsatisfactory. The courts became a power tool rather than justice, suitable tools for useless but harassment as a means of protection.

On understanding the fact that the double government was failed the company again authorized Governor Warren Hastings to adopt such rules and to pursue such measures, as once the company can be ensured every possible benefit and the rioting Warren Hastings will therefore proceed to make big changes in the administration of justice. This paper works which looks at various reforms made by Warren Hastings during its time in India. This administration of justice studied in four stages. To begin with Warren Hastings, the fact was felt that the fair and regular administration of justice was very important for the construction of situations for better collection of land revenue. Thus, changes were made regarding civil and criminal justice, while various other provisions were also offered.

Apart from this, one of the major developments was that three President-Bengal, Bombay and Madras were divided into several districts for the improvement of administration. After all, the appointment of Empeli helped to fulfil the need to improve the judicial system under the control and supervision of a powerful authority. In fulfilling his duties, his work was quite recommended to compile the civil procedure code. This was the first time that the law was placed on solid and some bases so that people came to know what the court’s process was.

Hence, the correct answer is Warren Hastings.

Note:
 The work of Warren Hastings has left a profound impact on the history of India. Although his contribution in the administration of justice is somewhat commendable, on the other hand, there were flaws in the reforms made by them. Appreciating his contribution, various improvements imposed by them justify that they were not only a competent administrator but also a great inventor talent. He adopted the method of "test and error" in uprooting the evils of existing judicial and executive systems and never hesitate to take bold steps to remove such evils. As the first Governor-General has proved himself as one of the most loyal servants of the English East India Company, who played an important role in strengthening the foundation, which is the first to expand the future of the British Empire in India by Clive.