Question

Enzymes are made up of?
(A) Edible proteins
(B) Proteins with specific structure
(C) Nitrogen containing carbohydrates
(D) Carbohydrates

Answer 1

Hint: Enzymes can be defined as biological polymers that catalyse biochemical reactions. We can say that enzymes are important in all living entities which govern all the biological processes.

Complete step by step solution:
- Enzymes are found to be made up of amino acids which are linked together by the amide (peptide) bonds in a linear chain. This is the primary structure. The resulting amino acid chain is called a polypeptide or protein.
- We know that enzymes are generally globular proteins, which are acting alone or in larger complexes. The sequence of the amino acids generally specifies the structure which in turn determines the catalytic activity of the enzyme. It is also found that Enzyme structures unfold (denature) when exposed to chemical denaturants and this disruption to the structure typically causes a loss of activity.
- We can see that Enzymes are proteins and are nature’s own biocatalyst and their function is determined by their complex structure. With the exception of a small group of catalytic RNA molecules, all enzymes are proteins which are made up of amino acids and are found to be linked together by peptide bonds.

So, the correct answer is “Option B”.

Additional Information:
Let’s discuss about sources of enzyme -
- Enzymes occur in all living organisms and catalyse biochemical reactions which are necessary to support life. A wide range of enzymes are extracted from plant sources; they have many advantages like cost of production and stability of products. Nowadays it is seen that an ample range of sources are used for commercial enzyme production from a broad range of plant species.
- It is also found that microbes are preferred to plants and animals as sources of enzymes because -They are generally cheaper to produce, their enzyme contents are controllable, plant and animal tissues contain more potentially harmful materials than microbes.

Note: -We can say that the main body of enzyme is composed of globular protein and has a large number of amino acids that are linked by peptide bonds. These also are found to act as useful and important catalysts.