Question

Electron microscope is based on the principle of
A. Electromagnetic theory
B. Resolution of glass lenses
C. Magnification of glass lenses
D. Refraction of light

Answer 1

Hint: Science and technology related to science have progressed exponentially over the past years. This has been necessary and a key factor in the study of many substances and has also led to the discovery of new commodities.

Complete step by step answer: Electron microscope is one such technology. An electron microscope is a type of microscope utilized to study and determine the ultrastructure of a broad range of
biological and inorganic specimens, which include crystals, metals, cells, microorganisms, large molecules, and biopsy samples. They are used during quality control and failure analysis on industries as well.
-On the contrary to an optical microscope, an electron microscope as the name suggests utilizes electrons to illuminate an object instead of visible light. With the use of electrostatic and electromagnetic lenses, the electron microscope forms an image by focusing the electron beam. This entire system operates in a vacuum.
-An electron microscope has a high resolving power and has the ability to produce a high-resolution image on a fluorescent screen.
-An electron microscope is of two types, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Scanning
Electron Microscope (SEM).
1. Transmission Electron Microscope- This type of electron microscope uses transmitted electrons as light sources. Most often utilized electron microscope has the ability to produce 2-dimensional images.
2. Scanning Electron Microscope- This type of electron microscope uses scattered electrons as light
sources. . Has the ability to produce 3-dimensional images. In comparison, the transmission electron microscope has higher magnifying power than a scanning electron microscope.
-The advantages of an electron microscope include diverse applications, high magnification, and resolution. Limitations of the same include the incapability of observing live specimens, high maintenance, and expensive build, etc. to name a few. In conclusion, an electron microscope is based on the principle of electromagnetic theory.
Therefore, the correct option is A, i.e., Electromagnetic theory.

Note: The electromagnetic lenses were developed in 1926 by Hans Busch. In 1931, the prototype electron microscope was developed by the German electrical engineer and academic professor Man Knoll and physicist Ernst Ruska.