Question

During electrification by friction
(A). Proton are transferred from one body to another body
(B). Neutrons are transferred from one body to another body
(C). Electrons are transferred from one body to another body
(D). None

Answer 1

Hint: Outermost electrons are loosely bound to the nucleus and can easily move around. But proton and neutron are strongly held within a nucleus, making them unable to move outside of the nucleus. Friction also produces heat which can agitate an electron, causing the electron to displace.

Complete Step By Step Solution:
Protons, neutrons and electrons are subatomic particles i.e. they are found inside an atom. Protons are positively charged, electrons are negatively charged and neutrons are electrically neutral. Protons and Neutrons are present in a small region known as nucleus. They are held together by nuclear forces which are stronger than their repulsion due to electrostatic forces. As a result, they are not free to move outside the nucleus. Electrons are much lighter than the protons and are present outside the nucleus. Electrons can be transferred from one atom to another atom of same substance or even other atom of different substance. Thus, in all reactions only electrons transfer from one atom to the other.
When two bodies are rubbed against each other, both of them gain equal and opposite charge i.e. both of them get electrified. This is because frictional force (originated due to rubbing) knocks off some electrons from one substance, which get settled on different substances.

Note: Nucleus of an atom does not take part in any chemical reaction other than nuclear reactions. In all non nuclear reactions only electrons get transferred from one compound to another. Nuclear force acts only among constituents of nucleus i.e. proton and neutron.