
Draw a ray diagram to show the refraction of a monochromatic ray through a prism when it suffers minimum deviation.
Answer
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Hint: As we all know when a light deviates with a minimum amount after refraction through the prism, angle of incidence (i) and the angle of emergence (e) are equal.
Complete step by step answer:
The above diagram shows the path of light traced when it passes through a prism such that the angle of deviation of light is minimum.
We know that deviation angle, is given by
Where is the angle of incidence
is the emergent angle
is the angle of prism.
Thus, the angle of deviation depends upon the angle of incidence. A plot between angle of deviation and angle of incidence is shown below from where it is clear that corresponding to , is minimum and for all other values of , there are two values of .
So, at minimum deviation .
When a light deviates with a minimum amount, the angle of incidence and the angle of emergence are equal.
Also, the light inside the prism passes parallel to the base of prism BC.
Note:
If a ray enters the prism from air with a refractive index , the direction of the ray after it passes through the prism will depend only on its apex angle Q and the refractive index n of the glass from which prism is made. Passage of a ray through an optical prism is depicted in the picture above.
Complete step by step answer:

The above diagram shows the path of light traced when it passes through a prism such that the angle of deviation of light is minimum.
We know that deviation angle,
Where
Thus, the angle of deviation depends upon the angle of incidence. A plot between angle of deviation and angle of incidence is shown below from where it is clear that corresponding to
So, at minimum deviation

When a light deviates with a minimum amount, the angle of incidence and the angle of emergence are equal.
Also, the light inside the prism passes parallel to the base of prism BC.
Note:
If a ray enters the prism from air with a refractive index
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