Question

Does the value of resistance of a conductor depend upon the potential difference applied across it or the current passed through it, Explain?​

Answer 1

Hint: Resistance(R) is a measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit. Resistance is measured in ohms and its Greek letter omega (\[\Omega \]). The current flows through a material through charge carriers and the atoms present in the material offer obstruction to those charge carriers; this obstruction to the flow of charge carriers through a material is called Resistance.

Complete solution:
Ohm's Law - Ohm's law states that the current (I) through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage (V) across the two points.
$V \propto {\rm I}$
Introducing the constant of proportionality in the above equation, which is resistance we come at the usual mathematical equation that describes this relationship.
$V = I \times R$
Where I is the current flowing through the conductor in units of amperes, V is the voltage measured across the conductor in units of volts, and R is the resistance of the conductor in units of ohms. More specifically, Ohm's law states that the R in this relation is constant, independent of the current.
Here one should keep in mind that here voltage is directly proportional to current flowing and resistance (R) is just a constant of proportionality. Hence, it can be concluded that the resistance value neither depends upon the voltage applied across the wire nor the current flowing through it.
Resistance is the property of the material and does not depend upon current and potential difference. It only depends upon the length, cross-sectional area, and material used in it.
Material- resistance of an object depends in large part on the material it is made of. Objects made of electrical insulators tend to have very high resistance and low conductivity, while objects made of electrical conductors tend to have very low resistance and high conductivity. This relationship is measured as resistivity or conductivity
Length – is the wire is longer and has more resistance than there will be. There is a direct relationship between the amount of resistance faced by charge and the length of wire it must travel. As we know resistance occurs as the result of collisions between charge carriers and the atoms of the wire, then there will certainly be more collisions in a longer wire. More collisions mean more resistance.
Cross-sectional Area - The cross-sectional area of the wires will affect the amount of resistance. Wider wires have a greater cross-sectional area. For example, water will flow through a wider pipe at a higher rate than it will flow through a narrow pipe. In the same manner, the wider the wire will have lesser resistance to the flow of electric charge. When all other variables are the same, the charge will flow at higher rates through wider wires with greater cross-sectional areas compared to thinner wires.
Final Answer: From the above discussion it can be concluded that the resistance offered by the wire depends only upon the length, material, and cross-sectional area and will be independent of the voltage applied and the current flowing through it.

Note: Resistivity – It is defined as electrical resistance offered by a conductor of unit cross-sectional area and unit length.
Resistance is the property of the wire used and is generally constant for a particular specimen. In ohm's law, one can get confused with the equation but it has to be kept in mind that the resistance used there is just a constant of proportionality and does not have any relation with the voltage applied or current.