Question

Why does the microbe play an important role in agriculture management?

Answer 1

Hint: Microorganisms are tiny organisms which cannot be seen by naked eye. They are present everywhere in soil, in water, in air and even inside our body. The microorganisms are useful as well as harmful (disease causing microbes).

Complete answer:
1.The microbes are useful to us in many ways. They are very significant in the field of agriculture.
2.The microorganisms help in increasing the fertility of the soil. Certain microbes like bacteria are very good decomposers. They decompose the dead organic matter. This when mixed with the soil makes it fertile.
3.Certain microbes like Rhizobium, Azotobacter etc form symbiotic association with the plants and form root nodules. These organisms fix atmospheric nitrogen and make it available to the plants. The plants grow well by utilising the nitrogen and phosphorus.
4.The biofertilizers obtained from the microbes are excellent in improving the soil quality and fertility. They are also environment friendly which do not cause any toxic or hazardous effects.
5.The microorganisms like mycelial fungi play an important role in soil aggregation.
6.The microbes play an important role in nutrient cycling.
7.Some microbes release phytochemicals and organic acids which are very much useful in the growth and development of plants.
8.The microbes help in maintaining the pH of the soil but establishing nutrient and mineral balance.

Note: The microbes are useful in many ways but they cause huge damage to the crop by causing several diseases. Certain microbes like Pseudomonas, streptomyces , several fungi and protozoa cause diseases which destroy the crops and can also lead to poor yield. These diseases include blight, canker, bacterial wilt, crown gall etc.