Question

Why does the location of India affect its climate ? Give reasons.

Answer 1

Hint: India lies on the Indian Plate, the northern part of the Indo-Australian Plate, whose continental crust forms the Indian subcontinent. The country is situated north of the equator between 8°4' north to 37°6' north latitude and 68°7' east to 97°25' east longitude.

Complete Answer:
There are several factors which affect the climate of a country. Some of the major natural factors are :-
Latitude - The foremost important climatic control is latitude. The distance of a place from the equator affects its climate. Places which are near to equator are hotter than those which are at a distance from equator, because the sun is always directly overhead at the equator

Altitude - The atmosphere becomes less dense and temperature decreases once we head to the higher altitude from the planet. This can be explained as to why hills are cooler during summers.

Distance from the sea - The sea affects the climate of a place. Coastal areas are usually cooler and wetter than inland areas. India is bounded by Indian Ocean, Arabian sea, and Bay of Bengal which affects its climate.

Ocean current - Ocean current can easily increase or decrease temperature of a place.
Rise and fall of tides affects the climate.

Direction of prevailing winds - Winds blowing from the sea to land often bring rain to the coastal inland areas. In India, wind blows from north to south because of the High pressure on the Himalayas during winter. In summer the wind blows from south to Northern part of the country.

Shape of the land - Climate can also be affected by mountains. Mountains receive more rainfall than lower areas. India has a very tall mountain of about 6000 meters. The Himalayas prevent cold winds from entering India from central Asia.

Note: The climate of India is monsoon. Monsoon is called seasonal winds. These winds flow from Southwest India to North East India from Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea. These winds are active for about four months from June to September.