Question

Why does the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell look granular?

Answer 1

Hint: Bacteria are prokaryotic cells. The common shapes are sphere(cocci), rods (bacilli), commas (vibros), and helices ( spirilla). Bacteria assume different forms in their life cycle. they are said to be pleomorphic

Complete answer: Cytoplasm lacks most organalles, golgi apparatus , centrosome, vacoules lysosomes etc.
1. It contains a variety of inorganic and organic molecules including glycogen granules, liquid droplets, sulphur granules, and polyphosphate granules that function as a storage reservoir.
2. Polyphosphate granules ( also called routine granules ) and sulphur granules take different stains with basic dyes and are therefore called metachromatic granules.
3. The cytoplasm also contains biosynthetic enzymes,tRNAs, and mRNAs.
4. Ribosomes are the only cytoplasmic organelles found in all prokaryotic cells.
5. They are smaller (the 70S) than ribosomes of eukaryotic cells.
6. They may occur singly or in rows called polysomes or polyribosomes.
7. The ribosome functions as the site for protein synthesis.
8. The dispersion of the ribosome throughout its length and breadth. Due to the presence of ribosome the prokaryotic cells i.e. the bacteria looks granular in the cytoplasm

Note: Bacterial cells may bear flagella that may be scattered over the entire cell surface or confined to one or both ends of the cell.
Many bacteria bear short, tubular, nonmotile processes termed pili or fimbriae on the surface.
The pili are formed of a protein pilin. The nuclear material is not enclosed by a nuclear envelope and lies directly in the cytoplasm. It is called a nucleoid Transcription and translation occur in the cytoplasm. There are no streaming movements of cytoplasm.