Question

How does temperature affect changes of state?

Answer 1

Hint: The answer is based on the basic concept that the states of matter change with the change in the temperature and explain this by citing a simple example of water and the changes in its state with the change in the temperature.

Complete step by step answer:
- In the classes of chemistry, the concept of the effect of temperature on various factors like concentration, pH and so on are familiar to us.
Let us now see the effect of temperature on the state of matter.
- States of matter is the form in which a matter can exist. Three basic states of matter are solid, liquid and gas.
- The effect of temperature on states of matter will change the original state of matter to another state.
- The change of state of matter that is from solid to liquid which is called melting, change in state from liquid to gas which is called vaporization and the change in state of matter from solid to gas which is called sublimation.
- When the thermal energy is added to the state of matter, the temperature increases and this leads to change in the state.
- If we consider water as an example.
The solid form of water is called as ice which is at ${{0}^{0}}C$ and by increasing the temperature, the solid turns to liquid that is melting takes place and at room temperature, it becomes liquid that is at ${{25}^{0}}C$. If further temperature is increased, the water will boil and then vaporize and this occurs at the temperature of ${{100}^{0}}C$
In this way, temperature affects the state of matter.

Note: Note that sublimation occurs when the total pressure of the atmosphere is less than the vapour pressure of the compound and melting has not happened yet because the temperature is not hot enough and this value is different for different compounds.