Question

How does refraction of light cause a rainbow to form?

Answer 1

Hint: Many optical phenomena are caused by reflection of light, refraction, and dispersion in water droplets. They offer a spectrum of different colours of light in the sky. The numerous colours are formed in a circular pattern in the sky.

Complete solution:

In rainy conditions, the light coming from the sun with the water droplets forms the rainbow. The lights strike and reflect at some angle on the surface of the water droplets present in the atmosphere. A certain portion of the unelected light is refracted as well as dispersed.

By reflection, the spectrum of sunlight in different colours occurs and it always occurs in the direction of the sun. This colour spectrum is known as the rainbow. In the circular arc type pattern, the different colours of the spectrum in the sky take place, and it is visible from different parts of the earth's surface.

The circular generation pattern of the different colours takes place due to the spherical shape of the water droplets. The reflection process is responsible for the circular pattern in the formation of the rainbow, and the refraction process is responsible for the rainbow's different colours.

Note:
Depending on the colour wavelength, various colours of the spectrum deviate in different amounts. The rainbow's red colour deviation is lower because its wavelength is higher, whereas the rainbow's blue colour deviation is greater because its wavelength is higher. So, we can obtain information that the colour deviation in the rainbow is inversely related to wavelength.