Question

How does antibiotic resistance of bacteria demonstrate various principles of evolution?

Answer 1

Hint: Antibiotics are the group of medicines used as medications as well as in laboratories for inhibition of bacterial growth by destroying the microorganism. Bacteria that have no effect on antibiotics themselves are said to be antibiotic resistant bacteria.

Complete answer:
Evolution is a long process in which there are changes in an organism over several generations based on natural selection. The theory of evolution suggests that an organism can gradually change over time and these changes are genetic variations which affect its physical appearance of the species. These changes in traits can be good for the organism and is passed on to its offspring as well. According to Charles Darwin the evolution is based on natural selection that is the individual with traits or characteristics that suits best to the environment can survive compared to others. They also transfer their traits to their offspring. The ones who cannot readily adapt to their environment will not survive or reproduce resulting in no passage of traits to the next generation.
Antibiotics are used to kill the bacteria or any other microorganism that may cause illness or disease. However there are few bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics, that is they can live, grow, as well as can reproduce in the presence of antibiotics. Hence as evolution principle suggests organisms that have genetic variation already present (that is omnipotent) will survive. Infection causing bacteria are mostly antibiotic resistant, however there are few bacteria that are naturally antibiotic resistant e.g. microorganism from the human digestive gut are resistant to benzyl penicillin.
Since the antibiotic environment does not affect these bacteria we can say they are able to adapt to this environment that are naturally selected or the survival of the fittest according to the evolution theory.
This is how principles of evolution can be demonstrated by antibiotic resistance of bacteria.

Note:
Antibiotic resistance can be evolved naturally due to few genetic mutations via natural selection or can be produced or engineered in a laboratory. When the bacteria is subjected with antibiotics some bacteria can generate the resistance gene due to evolutionary stress, which will further multiply and transfer the information. If a bacterium has several genes for resistance it can be called as multiresistant.