Question

DNA fingerprinting using variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) is based on the observation that:
A. Every individual has unique alleles at each VNTR locus.
B. The DNA of VNTR loci is more stable than that of loci which code for proteins.
C. VNTR sequences show little variability
D. VNTR loci are highly polymorphic

Answer 1

Hint: Short DNA repeats that occur in tandem within a gene and have a wide range of numbers between individuals are known as microsatellites. VNTRs are frequently utilized in DNA fingerprinting since human variability is so great.


Complete step by step solution:
Variable Number Tandem Repeats are referred to as VNTR. It refers to the location of a tandem repeating nucleotide sequence in a genome. It is a member of a group of satellite DNAs. Chromosomes in an individual have different numbers of nucleotide copies.
Variable Number Typing Tandem Repeat (VNTR) is a genotyping tool that delivers data in a straightforward and quantifiable format depending on the quantity of repetitive sequences. The current study makes advantage of DNA fingerprinting by amplifying particular VNTR sections that are present at a specific locus of several chromosomes. There are places in a genome where a short nucleotide is arranged as a tandem repeat called variable number of tandem repeat markers (VNTRs). These are widespread on chromosomes and frequently exhibit length differences. Each variant functions as an inherited allele, making it possible to identify it.
Alee Jeffreys was the one who first invented the DNA fingerprinting method. A satellite DNA probe with a high level of polymorphisms was utilized as his test. The finding that VNTR loci are highly polymorphic forms the basis for DNA fingerprinting utilizing variable number tandem repeats.
So, option (D) is correct.

Note:
For the linkage analysis of diploid genomes, VNTRs constitute a key source of RFLP genetic markers. Animals both wild and domesticated are studied for their genetic diversity and breeding habits using VNTR analysis. They are also utilized to differentiate between different bacterial disease strains.