Question

DNA fingerprinting refers to
A. Techniques used for the identification of fingerprints of individuals.
B. Techniques used for molecular analysis of different specimens of DNA and RNA
C. Analysis of DNA samples using an imprinting device.
D. Molecular analysis of profiles of DNA samples.

Answer 1

Hint: DNA fingerprinting is also called DNA typing, DNA profiling in genetics, it is the method in which a small amount of DNA material is isolated, and the variables of elements of DNA are identified.

Complete answer:
DNA fingerprinting technique was developed in the year 1984, by the British geneticist Jeffreys.
He proposed that everyone has a certain sequence of highly variable DNA which is called mini-satellites.
They do not contribute to any function of genes.
Jeffreys identified that each individual has a unique pattern of minisatellite, an exception in identical twins. Where these genes are repeated and not contribute to any function.
The procedure of DNA fingerprinting includes a sample of cells, such as skin, hair, and blood cells which contain the DNA.
DNA is extracted from the cells and purified.
With the RFLP approach, DNA was cut at specific areas by proteins called restriction enzymes.
Extracted fragment of DNA if the variable length is placed on the gel, for electrophoresis.
Obtained double-strand DNA fragments undergo a procedure called bottling. And it is divided into single strands.
Where they are transferred to nylon sheets and exposed to a DNA probe, which is radioactive.
X-ray film is placed, where black marks are produced at any point, where the radioactive probe is attached. And those are taken and analyzed.

So, the correct answer is D. Molecular analysis of profiles of DNA samples.

Note:
DNA fingerprinting is a chemical test where that shows the genetic makeup of an individual or other living things, it is used as evidence in the court, for identifying dead bodies, to track up the relatives, and to look for a cure for diseases.