Question

Distinguish between the following: Egg and Sperm.

Answer 1

Hint: They are gametes produced by vertebrate males and females respectively.

Complete answer:

BASIS FOR COMPARISON	SPERM	EGG
Meaning	The male gamete, which is a long, flagellated cell, and is differentiated into head, neck, middle piece, and the tail is known as sperm.	The female gamete, where the cells are rounded spheres and non-motile, though not differentiated into different regions, are known as eggs.
Size	Very small.	Large in size.
Movement	Can move with the help of flagella (Motile)	Not able to move (Non-motile)
Mitochondria	In the middle piece, mitochondria are compactly arranged to form a spiral.	Mitochondria are scattered in the cytoplasm.
Cytoplasm	Present in a small amount.	Present in the large amount.
Nucleus	It is condensed with no nucleoplasm.	Egg contains nucleoplasm, called the germinal vesicle.
Chromosomes	The nucleus contains X or Y chromosomes.	The nucleus contains only X chromosome.
Centrioles	Present.	Absent.
Produced in	Sperms are produced in the testes.	Egg is produced in ovaries.
Number of gametes produced	Life long production (millions)	Fixed amount (~ 400 mature eggs)
Number of gametes formed per germ cell	Four sperms are formed from one spermatogonium.	Only one egg is formed from one oogonium.
Surrounded by	Surrounded by plasma membrane only.	An egg is surrounded by the egg envelopes.
Process	Spermatogenesis	Oogenesis

Fig: Sperm(left) and Egg (right)
Note:
- Egg is also called ovum.
- The sperm is the smallest cell while the ovum is the largest in the human body.