Question

Who discovered enzyme DNA polymerase?

Answer 1

Hint: DNA polymerase is the enzyme that is helpful in the replication of DNA in prokaryotes and it is the first polymerase enzyme, initially it is identified in the bacteria E Coli and it is ubiquitous in the prokaryotes.

Complete answer:
In 1956, Arthur Kornberg was the scientist who discovered the polymerase enzyme in the bacterial E. Coli.
The scientist Arthur Kornberg was awarded a Nobel prize in physiology for the identification of the biological mechanism of Ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid.
When coming to the structure of DNA polymerase especially in the E.Coli, it contains the four domains and two enzyme activities, and the fourth domain contains exonuclease and it is helpful for proof reading of the first domain and any mistakes identified will be removed.
E. Coli contains five different polymerase enzymes and they are alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon whereas eukaryotic DNA polymerase is most similar to the Beta polymerase of this bacteria because their main function is to repair the DNA rather than the replication.
In order to determine whether the polymerase enzyme is useful in replication or not they conducted the experiment, where they collected the Pol 1 deficit E.Coli and cultured them, where colonies are formed and when they check those colonies they are developed with a deficit of polymerase and from this, they confirmed that polymerase I main function is to repair the DNA, but not the replication.

So from the above explanation of conducted experiments, the answer is Arthur Kornberg.

Note:
The DNA polymerase is obtained from E. Coli is used for molecular biology research but due to its exonuclease activity it is not suitable for any application, exposure of polymerase I to the subtilisin produces the small fragments and which it retains only proofreading activities.