Question

Differentiate between transformation and transduction.

Answer 1

 Hint: Transformation and transduction are the two main processes that can be used to transfer DNA matter from one bacterial cell to another. Transduction is considered as a tool that is used to insert the gene of interest into a bacterial cell or host’s genome.

Complete answer:
Difference between transformation and transduction are

Transformation	Transduction
DNA fragments from a bacterium are passed and incorporated into the recipient’s chromosomes to cure the fault.	The transfer of DNA from the bacteria to the chromosome of the recipient requires a virus as an agent to carry the DNA fragment.
It doesn’t require the presence of bacteriophage.	It requires the presence of bacteriophage.
It doesn’t require any antibiotic resistance.	It requires antibiotic resistance.
Plasmid transfer is possible.	Plasmid transfer is not possible.
Naked DNA fragments move through the walls or membrane of the recipient.	It occurs through lytic or lysogenic cycles.
It was discovered by Fred Griffith in 1928.	It was discovered by Norton Zinder and Joshua Lederberg in 1952.
Transformation is susceptible to DNase.	Transduction is resistant to DNase.

Additional information: 
There are a few similarities between transformation and transduction: 
-Both are involved in horizontal gene transfer from one bacterium to another. 
-A very amount of DNA is transferred by both mechanisms, and the entire chromosome content is not transferred.
-Both are important tools in molecular biology and genetic engineering. 

Notes:
-Bacteriophages are viruses that have the capability to ingest inside bacteria and reproduce. 
-Conjugation is an important method of DNA recombination, which works in association with transformation and transduction. 
-Horizontal gene transfer is also known as lateral gene transfer is the mechanism of transfer of genetic material between non-related organisms.