Question

Differentiate between pleiotropy and polygenic inheritance.

Answer 1

Hint: The capacity of a gene to impact more than one characteristic is called pleiotropy though in polygenic legacy the legacy is affected by various free qualities, each having a little and comparable impact. The impact of several qualities is added substance.

Complete answer:
Both pleiotropy and polygenic legacy are two terms used to depict the connection among qualities and their aggregates or characteristics. Pleiotropy follows the Mendelian legacy designs while polygenic legacy is an example of non-mendelian legacy. In Mendelian legacy, a solitary quality is engaged with deciding a solitary attribute. The principle distinction among pleiotropy and polygenic legacy is that in pleiotropy, one quality influences numerous attributes while, in polygenic legacy, numerous qualities influence one characteristic.
The ability of a gene to influence more than one trait is called pleiotropy whereas in polygenic inheritance the inheritance is influenced by a number of independent genes, each having a small and similar effect. The effect of several genes is additive.

Pleiotropy	Phylogenetic Inheritance
Pleiotropy is the controlling of multiple traits by a single gene.	Phylogenetic Inheritance is the controlling of multiple traits by a multiple gene.
Genotypic outcome for pleiotropy is three.	It has many genotypic outcomes.
One gene can influence a particular trait.	Many genes are influenced by a particular trait.
One gene can affect 100% of its traits.	Effect of one gene is very small on its trait.
It follows Mendelian Inheritance.	If follows a non- Mendelian Inheritance pattern.
Typically, it is not affected by the environmental factors.	Traits are highly affected by the environmental factors.
Albinism, phenylketonuria, autism, sickle cell anemia, marfan syndrome are the examples.	Controls the height, weight, shape of body, eye color, and hair color of humans.

Note: When a mutation occurs in this gene, many symptoms may arise since the gene affects many traits. Phenylketonuria is a disease caused by a mutation in the gene which is coded for the enzyme, phenylalanine Hydroxylase. The symptoms of phenylketonuria are mental retardation, reduced hair, and skin pigmentation. A gene carrying a mixture of both beneficial and harmful traits with the same gene is referred to as an antagonistic pleiotropy.