Question

Differentiate between
A. Stipule and bract
B. Introrse and extrose anther
C. Sepaloid and petaloid
D. Actinomorphic and zygomorphic flower

Answer 1

Hint: Flowers are the modified shoots that function as the reproductive structures of the plant. On the basis of the symmetry of the flowers they are of two types- actinomorphic and zygomorphic. Some flowers like Canna are asymmetrical.

Complete answer:

Stipule	Bract
These are tiny leaf-like paired appendages.	These are modified leaves that attract pollinators like petals.
Stipules are present at the base of the leaf petioles.	Bracts are present at the base of the inflorescence.

Introrse anther	Extrorse anther
These are the type of anthers that dehisce outwards from the center of the flower.	These are the types of anthers that dehisce towards the center of the flower.

Sepaloid	Petaloid
Sepaloid are the petals that resemble sepals.	Petaloids are the sepals that resemble petals.
Amborella have sepaloid.	Lily flowers have petaloids.

Actinomorphic flower	Zygomorphic flower
Actinomorphic flowers are the type of flowers that can be divided into two equal halves on cutting them from the plane passing through its center.	These are the type of flowers that can be divided into two equal halves by a single plane.
It is seen in flowers of chilli and mustard.	It is seen in flowers of pea and beans.

Note: (i) Stipules are the lateral appendages on leaves and leaves without stipules are called exstipulate.
Bracts in some plants like Bougainvillea and Euphorbia are large and bright colored.
(ii) A flower has four whorls- Calyx, corolla, stamens and carpels. Stamen are the male reproductive part while carpels are the female reproductive parts of the flower. The calyx is formed of sepals that are green colored structures and corolla is formed of petals.