Question

Diastrophism means:
A. Evolution of new species
B. Microevolution
C. Geographical changes occurring due to disturbance in earth’s crust
D. Macroevolution

Answer 1

Hint: The word diastrophism means tectonic which means the deformation of the earth’s crust occurs. It leads to variations in earth structure such as mountains, sea level, glaciers.

Complete answer: Diastrophism can be defined as a process in which deformation of the Earth's crust takes place which involves folding and faulting. Diastrophism can be considered as one of the parts of geotectonic. The process that controls the structure and properties of the earth’s crust and evolution through time is called geotectonic. The word diastrophism means distortion or dislocation. The processes which come under diastrophism move, elevate, or build-up portions of the earth's crust.
-Speciation can be defined as a process in which the evolution of new species takes place.
-The change in allele frequencies that occurs over time within a population is called microevolution.
-The evolution which is guided by selection among interspecific variation is called macroevolution whereas, in microevolution, the selection is done among intraspecific variation.
So, option C: geographical changes occurring due to disturbance in earth’s crust is the correct answer from the above-given options.

Note: The varying responses of the crust to tectonic stresses are encompassed in the study of diastrophism. Epeirogeny that is uplift or subsidence is caused by subsurface conditions over large areas of the earth’s surface without deforming strata rock. A layer of sedimentary rock or soil is called strata or stratum.