Question

Development of seedless fruit in an unfertilized flower is called
A. Parthenocarpy
B. Saprophytic budding
C. Polyembryony
D. Micropropagation

Answer 1

Hint: The development of seedless fruit in unfertile flower is seen in several immature ovules, like bananas, melons, figs, and pineapples. It is either a natural or artificially induced process for getting a variety of fruits.

Complete answer:
Parthenocarpy is the development of fruit while it is not fertilized. The parthenocarpic development of fruit could need fertilization stimulation (stimulative parthenocarpy) or it should occur in unpollinated flowers (vegetative parthenocarpy). “Seedless fruits” shouldn’t be considered substitutable to & “parthenocarpic fruits” this is because in a seedless fruit the
ovules are fertilized and aborted as in some strains of Vitis vinifera var concor. There are also parthenocarpic fruits with seeds in them. Plant hormone treatments i.e. auxin treatments are famed to provide seeded parthenocarpic fruits in Citrus species, grapes, watermelons, and pineapples. The seeds in such fruits are extremely pseudo-seeds, lacking a sexual embryo; parthenogenic or foreign embryos could be or might not be present.
-Saprophytic budding is otherwise known as apomixis. The saprophytic budding method yields diploid embryos. The saprophytic cells that surround the embryo typically grow to new saprophytes inside the seed. This method could yield 2 embryos in one seed; one apomictic and also the alternative by fertilization of the egg.
-Polyembryony is a condition during which one egg develops into 2 or additional embryos. In such a condition one egg produces 2 or additional genetically identical offspring. It’s seen in each plant and animals (including humans, wherever it leads to the birth of identical twins).
-Micropropagation is the method of propagation of plants by growing plantlets in tissue culture and then planting them out. Tissue culture may be defined as a technique by which plant cells, tissues, or organs are grown beneath in vitro systems.
Hence, option A is the correct answer as in rest all embryo formation occurs.

Note: Parthenocarpy is elicited unnaturally by the employment of plant growth regulators. The
event of parthenocarpic fruits is aroused once the plant hormones like gibberellins, growth regulator
and phytohormone are sprayed on flowers.