Question

Describe the functions of human testis.

Answer 1

Hint: To derive an answer, first you need to guess the function of the testis. Let's look at an example. The primary function of human ovaries is to produce eggs for the purpose of reproduction. So can you guess what can be the function of testis?

Complete answer:
The testis is oval-shaped organs lodged in the scrotal sac. They are the primary sex organs in the male reproductive system and is now to carry out a variety of functions.
The seminiferous tubules are coiled tube-like structures found in the testis. Here the germ cells grow to form the spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoon through the process of spermatogenesis.
Leydig cells present in the testis produce male androgens and the most important male sex hormone testosterone. Testosterone has a wide variety of functions. It helps in regulating sex drive, bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass and strength, and the production of red blood cells. It also stimulates the production of sperm. The functions of the testis are controlled by the hormones namely luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone.

Note: The luteinizing hormone stimulates the Leydig cells to produce testosterone. This helps in the normal production of sperms. Follicle-stimulating hormone on the other hand along with androgens helps to maintain the process of spermatogenesis. They act on the Sertoli cells to stimulate the germ cell number. In addition to these functions, the follicle-stimulating hormone helps to increase the androgen levels by the Leydig cells. Thus, testis carry out a wide range of functions in the male body.