Question

Define magnetization of a sample. What is its SI unit ?

Answer 1

Hint: Different materials are classified on the basis of their magnetic property. So the concept of magnetization helps us in classifying a material on the basis of its magnetic property.
Magnetization of a sample is a vector quantity. It is also termed as magnetic polarization. It gives the extent of magnetic moment developed and as we know moment is developed when electrons align inside the magnetic material.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Magnetization, also termed as magnetic polarization that gives the measure of the density of permanent or induced dipole moment in a given magnetic material.
As we know, magnetization results from the magnetic moment, which results from the motion of electrons in the atoms or the spin of electrons or the nuclei. The net magnetization results from the response of a material to the external magnetic field, together with any unbalanced magnetic dipole moment that is inherent in the material due to the motion in its electrons as mentioned earlier.
The magnetization for a given sample material $M$ can be defined as net magnetic moment developed per unit volume,
Mathematically, $M={\displaystyle \frac{m_{net}}{V}}$
The magnetic moment is a vector quantity used to measure the tendency of an object to interact with an external magnetic field.
The SI unit of magnetization of a sample is $A{m}^{-1}$ where $A$ is ampere and $m$ is meter.

Note: On the basis of interaction with external magnetic field materials are classified as
i. Paramagnetic
ii. Di magnetic
iii. Ferromagnetic
iv. Ferri magnetic

A solenoid with n turns per unit length and the current passing through it be given by I, then the magnetic field in the interior of the solenoid can be given as, $B={\mu }_0\times nl$ where ${\mu }_0$ is permeability of free space