Question

Define linkage and ionization isomerism?

Answer 1

Hint- In order to begin with this question, we will see the definition of isomerism.
> Isomerism is a phenomenon in which several compounds have the same chemical formula but different chemical properties and atom arrangements are called isomers in the molecule.

Complete answer:
> Now we will define the terms linkage and ionization isomerism.
> Linkage isomers- The linkage isomers are those isomers in which the donor atom is different from at least one of the ligands of the coordinating compound. In other words, the connectivity between the donor atoms is different.
- This type of isomerism can exist only when there is a ligand in the compound that can bind to the metal atom in two (or more) different ways. Below are some ligands which may form isomers of linkage.
$\left[ {Co{{\left( {N{H_3}} \right)}_5}N{O_2}} \right]C{l_2}$ and $\left[ {Co{{\left( {N{H_3}} \right)}_5}ONO} \right]C{l_2}$ are linkage isomers.
> Ionization isomers- Ionization isomers are the same except that a ligand has exchanged places with an anion or neutral molecule that originally existed outside the coordination complex. The central ion and the remaining ligands are identical. An octahedral isomer, for example, will have five identical ligands, but the sixth will differ.
Some example of ionization isomer is
$\left[ {Co{{\left( {N{H_3}} \right)}_5}S{O_4}} \right]Br$ and $\left[ {Co{{\left( {N{H_3}} \right)}_5}Br} \right]S{O_4}$ are ionization isomers.

Note- Above we have seen two types of isomers. There are mainly two types of isomers; these are constitutional isomers and stereoisomers. Constitutional isomers are compounds where the atoms have different connections or bonds. Stereoisomers are the compounds which have the same chemical formula and structural formula but they differ in orientation in space..