Question

Define infundibulum, isthmus, ampulla and ectopic pregnancy.

Answer 1

Hint: The female reproductive system consists of many parts like the uterus, fallopian tube, ovaries, and external genitalia etc. The Fallopian tube is the place where fertilization occurs and it has three parts: Ampulla, isthmus and infundibulum. The ampulla is the exact location where fertilization occurs. But sometimes after fertilization the zygote implant in the oviduct due to the narrow passage space of the oviduct, it was not able to travel to the uterus and start to mature there.

Complete answer:
Infundibulum: This part is closer to the Ovary and is funnel- shaped. Its edges possess finger-like projections called fimbriae, which are the collection of the ovum after ovulation. It led to the wider part called the ampulla.
Isthmus: The last part of the oviduct and has a narrow lumen and joins the uterus The oviduct is ciliated. The egg is moved forward through the peristaltic and ciliary action.
Ampulla: It is the wider section of the uterine tube where fertilization occurs.
Ectopic pregnancy: if the lumen of the uterine tube is partially occluded, sperm may pass through and fertilize the ovum. However, the fertilized egg is not able to pass and can’t reach the uterus. It implants into the uterine tube.

Note:
Ectopic pregnancy is a medical emergency- if not diagnosed early, the implanted blastocyst can cause rupture and haemorrhage of the affected tube. It may also cause damage to nearby organs and cause life-threatening loss of blood. In this pregnancy, a foetus cannot survive. The foetus can survive only up to a few weeks.