Question

Define antibiotics.

Answer 1

Hint:The first antibiotic was introduced by Alexander that is penicillin the first natural antibiotic in the year 1928. Through his findings Fleming predicted the rise of antibiotic resistance.

Complete answer:
Antibiotics are also known as antibacterials that are medications that destroy or slow down the growth of bacteria. They are the powerful medicines that fight certain infections and can save lives when used appropriately. Either they stop bacteria from reproducing or they destroy them. Before the bacteria starts multiplying and causing symptoms, the immune system can typically kill them. White blood cells or WBCs attack dangerous bacteria and although symptoms do occur the immune system can generally deal with and fight off the infection. Sometimes the number of harmful bacteria is too much and the immune system cannot fight them; all antibiotics are useful in this situation.

The first introduced antibiotic was penicillin. Penicillin based antibiotics include the following such as ampicillin, amoxicillin, and penicillin G and are still available to treat a range of infections and have been around for a long time.

There are different types of antibiotic, which work in one of two ways:
>A bactericidal antibiotic such as penicillin that kills the bacteria. These drugs generally interfere with either the formation of the bacterial cell wall or its cell contents.
>Another one is the bacteriostatic which stops bacteria from multiplying.
>Some uses of antibiotics other than medical fields.
>Oxytetracycline: Antibiotic to treat or prevent bacterial infections of bee larvae that can destroy whole bee colonies.
>Horticulture: They were also used in horticulture example, which is long which is used to treat fire blight, infection with Erwinia amylovora affecting apple and pear orchards.
>Food preservation: they also play an important role in the food preservation, example, Bacteriocins (nisin) was added to dairy products and canned food to hinder growth of pathogens such as Listeria monocytogene.

Note:Antibiotics were also used in the ethanol production to prevent bacterial contamination during the fermentation process. Over usage of antibiotics may cause diarrhea, Vomiting, etc.So we can conclude that antibiotics play a major role in both the medical and non-medical field.